Other evidence suggests kleptomania may be more closely related to, or be a variant of, mood disorders such as depression. When kleptomania is co-occurring with a substance use disorder, integrated treatment is necessary. People with kleptomania may not receive a diagnosis until they seek treatment for a concurrent condition, such as a mood disorder or eating disorder. People with this impulse-control disorder realize that stealing is wrong and may feel guilty about their behavior, but they are unable to stop themselves from. Some clinicians see kleptomania as part of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum of disorders, because many people experience the impulse to steal as an unwanted intrusion into their minds. Kleptomania is a rare but under-diagnosed condition. People with kleptomania often also live with another psychiatric disorder, such as depressive or bipolar disorders (particularly major depressive disorder), anxiety disorders, eating disorders (particularly bulimia), personality disorders, substance abuse disorders (particularly alcohol use disorder), and other impulse-control and conduct disorders.
Individuals may also experience an imbalance in the brain’s opioid system, which influences the ability to resist urges. Kleptomania is a complex disorder characterized by repeated, failed attempts to stop stealing. According to the DSM-5, kleptomania appears to be caused in part by disruptions of neurotransmitter pathways in the brain associated with serotonin and dopamine, which can influence aggression and the brain’s reward system.
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